Type-justifying machine.



PATBNTED FEB. 19, 190.7

B.-M. DES JARDINS.

' TYPE JUSTIPYING MACHINE.

APPLIOATIOH FILED JUNE 4. 1898.

15 8HEETS-8 HEET 1.

I l r? f i i If we mmms Pt 25 co, wnsmnnrzm, p,

No 844,563. PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907,

, B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED (run: 4. 1898.

1s sums-sum 2.

ag. 7; -/s/ m4 .PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907.

B. M. DES JARDIN-S. TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

APPLIGATIOK FILED JUNE 4. 1898.

15 inns-slum a.

[Wit/265666: [lava/afar: I

No..8 44,563. PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907. B. M. DES JARDINS. TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4. 1698.

16 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

PATENTED PBB.19, 1907 B. M. DES JARDINS. I TYPE JUSTIFYING AME.

APPLICATION FILED Jun 4. 1898.

4 15 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

W/MM

ms mnzms P211 ca. Wlsulumom, n. c,

I W s RGOM.

PATENTEDFEB. 19, 1907.

B. M. DES JARDINS. TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUHB 4. 1898.

15 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

It -I 1, v; 79 I r .1 50 mu "w n :29 ll 2 v J r;

1 1 1122655 es: ln ven for PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907. B. M. DES JARDINS. TYPE JUST-IFYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4 1898 15 SHBETS-BHIIET 7.

276. TYPQE sETfiNG,

No. 844,568. PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907.

B. M. DES JARDINS. TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4, 1898.

3 Minasrsws: [ZYUGZZZOW m: mmms gums co.. wAswlNcroN. n. c

No. 844,563. PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907.

' B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4. 1898.

15 SHEETS-BEBE! 9.

j uenior" 7 r aammg gzjuym qaw 'm. NORRIS P; fans (1, WAsNlNcruN, n. c

PATENTED FEB. 19', 1907,

B. M. DES-JARDINS. TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4. 189B.

15 SHEETS-SHEET 10.

T I Z'fnesses: Inventor Kim A w: NORRIS rzrxws co wAsmucrou, n. c.

PATENTED FEB. 19, '1907.

i I I B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE. urmbnxon FILED JUNE 4. 189B.

15 SHEETS-SHEET 11.

[720672 for" Mines-56s:

1n: rlokR's FEvEfls ca. wAsumnnm. n. c.

WWERS R003,

PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907. B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4. 1896.

16 SHEETS-SHEET 12.

n: 50.. wAsmun-mu, a c.

No. 844,563. PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907.

B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE. APPLIcA'hoK rn izn JUNE 4. 1898.

15 SHEETS-SHEET 1a.

[4 6272 eases: [Hue/2 Zar" m: "cams ps'rsns co.. wnsumcrau. 04 c.

PATBNTED FEB. 19, 1907.

B. M. DES J ARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 1898.

15 SHEETS-SHEET 14.

WZE (new (5m, 11%

Z cf flow/2 PATENT oEEICE.

UNITED STATES I BENJAMIN M. DES JARDINS, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, To THE UNITYPE COMPANY, ACORPORATION on NEW- JERSEY.

TYPE-JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

No. 844,563. I

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 19, 1907.

Application filed Jtlne 4,1898. Serial No. 682,856.

- the various requirements necessary to compute and justify incomplete lines of type and properly arrange them in a column on a receiving-galley.

The herein-described embodiment of my invention relates to improved automatic mechanism whereby the main computing or dividing instrument employed is Supplemented by a gage to determine the number of units in the remainder. After the line has been divided into as many parts as there are spaces required and the resultant member of the instrument has located approximately the largest size of available space values which may be inserted therein the remainder-gage is used to determine the amount left overfrom the first process of division. This action of the gage operatively reduces the amount of that remainder into a given number of parts, which are made mechanically available by the automatic mechanism employed to introduce the required combination of spaces into the line. In this particular embodiment of my invention the remainder devices are made in a more simple man ner than I have heretofore been able to do it to represent and determine the total number of space differences or units necessary to fill out the deficiency which would remain if the line was justified from the smaller of the two neighboring sizes between which the quotientindicator of the division happens to fall. The improvement particularly provides simple and direct operative means whereby the deficiency is satisfied by employing a due proportion of each of the two neighboring space values first indicated.

The invention further consists of other de vices incidental to putting the main improvement into a more eflicient and simplified organized mechanical structure for the purpose of carrying out the automatic performances incidental thereto. Among such improvements are the more mechanical constructions and the of the two similar controlling mechanisn1sthe one for engaging the remainder, whereby it may be mechanically operated upon at the I time predetermined for changing from one size of spaces to another, and the other for the purpose of directing the machine in its irregular intermittent line actions during the operation of handling the words and spaces.

The invention also comprises improved means whereby the mam and the remainder compu:

tations may be transmitted for directing the necessary automatic operations.

In my improvement the lines of type are first set with thin Se arators between the words, which preferab y do not project beyond the regular outline of the'type-body, with the regular thin separating brass rules usually employed by printers between said lines to protect the uneven ends thereof, leav-- ing the column of composed matter in fair condition to be clamped and have the regular proof taken therefrom. This column is then placed on the machine and automatically pushedforward until the first line with its separating rule is engaged by the line-handlmg mechanism therem.- Said line is re.

porting-rules, clamped against a fixed abutment, and the places for spaces or the separatorscounted. The clam ing of the line dotermines the exact lengt 1 thereof, including the temporary separators, while the-counting of the said separators determines the number of spaces required. The main computing instrument then calculates the difference between the separators used and the actual size of the spaces which would be required if the machine was ovided with an infinite number having infiiiitesimal differences. A suit able index indicates boldly what the spaces are with which the machine is provided and is also made to communicate in a special manner all the intervening possible sizes. The machine having determined upon these two resultants, the quotient of the shortage by the number of spaces and the number of So moved from its position between the two supi oo space units contained in the remainder, then proceeds to remove the original dividing spaces or separators, inserting the required value in the places thereof. The differencecontroller determines the time when the operation upon one size of spaces is changed to a similar operation on the neighboring size,

c utch-controller determines the len th of time the automatic line mechanism shal be suspended durin the handling of each line to compensate or different num bers of spaces in different lines.

The improvement further comprises positively-operated devices for combinin spaces to make up'the requisite values an forv inserting them into the incoming type-line, and also consists of simplified means for depositing the line in the receivin -galley after the justification is effected an introducing the leads into the type-column.

That my invention may be seen and fully understood by others, reference will be had to the following specification and annexed drawings, formin a part thereof, in which- Figure 1 is a i'ont elevation of my ma chine; Fig. 2, a right end elevation of said machine; Fig. 3, a left end elevation of the same; Fig. 4, a plan view; Fig. 5, a transverse vertical section looking in the direction of the arrow 5, Figs. 1 and 4 showing the positions of the cams as the line leaves the plane of the feed-galley; Fig. 6, a transverse vertical section looking in the direction of the arrow 6, Figs. 1 and 4, showing the positions of said cams after the operation of the computing devices takes place; Fig. 7, a view similar to the two previous ones, showin the positions of said cams at the beginning 0 the line-feeding operation; Fig.8, a front operative view of a part of said machine, showing the starting positions of the members belonging to the main computing device; Fi 9, a front operative view of the members elonging to said computing device, showing their positions after the measurement has been taken; Fig. 10, a front operative view showin the parts belongin to the remainder or ifierence and cll tc -controlling devices, at their starting positions; Fig. 11, a front operative view of t e controlling devices, showmg their positions at the instant of the erformance of their work; Fig. 12, a detac ed left side view of portions of the electrocounti mechanism; Fig. 13, an enlarged detache plan view of the line-receiving and galleyfeed mechanism; Fig. 14, a left elevation of said mechanism, enlarged and detached; Fig. 15, a detached front view of the channels between the two galleys and of the space-collector, showing the latter in the act of receiving spaces from the space-channels; Fig. 16, a similar view to the previous one, showing said collector in the act of discharging a space value into the cut-off channel; Fig. 17, a view of the above-mentioned parts, showing the position and condition of the cut-off or galley-feed channel just prior to the transfer of the line onto the receiving galley, also a section view of portions of the electrocounting mechanism; Fig. 18, a similar view showing the justifiedline on said galley and the position of the channel member which transferred said line; Fig. 19,

horizontal sectional view of the galley feed... channel members at the instant of discharging the line in the direction of the arrow 19, Fig. 18 Fig. 20, a side view of a separator without nicks; Fig. 21, a side view of a type body with nicks; Fig. 22, a bottom view and partial section of the rule or lead distributer and the line-clamping members in the direction of the arrow 22, Fig. 23; Fig. 23, a left side view of the same; and Fig. 24, a horizontal sectional view of the rule-feed or lead-inserting device looking in the direction of the arrow 24, Fig. 1; Fig. 25, a side view of the forms detached from the machine; Fig. 26, a side View of the forms on a different line; Fig. 27, a detail view of the cam carried by the form-shaft; Fig. 28 to Fig. 38, inclusive, detail views of the separate forms.

Similar letters and figures of reference designate like parts in the drawings and specification.

In practice the machine is inclined backward at a suitable angle to handle loose typelines; but for the sake of convenience in the description and the front views in the drawings it is referred to and shown as standing in a vertical position. As far as practicable the description will follow the type-line in the order of its travel from one galley to the other. The fact is to be kept in mind that the machine simultaneously acts upon two lines at a ti1nethat is, the column is moved along the lower galley, a type-line is thrust forward, engaged, and the calculating devices adjusted while the spaces are being inserted in the preceding line.

As far as practicable the reference-runnerals herein employed conform to the following order or arrangement, the numbers for the different grand divisions being taken from each one hundred figures respectively em ployed: The figures employed which are below 100 are the numbers in the drawings used in connection with the direction-indicating arrows, and broken lines are employed with said numbers and arrows to show approximately at what part of the figures the correlative figures or parts are taken, the reference-numbers being ample to identify the parts shown. The figures employed from the first one hundred numbers above 100 refer generally to the primary measuring elements accompanying type-engaging parts and other miscellaneous mechanism, those above and including 200 to the difference devices and accompanying parts, above and including 300 to the space-dislodging mechanism and parts relating thereto, above and including 400 to the mechanism which feeds the spaces into the line and such wordhandling mechanism as is closely related thereto, above and including 500 to the separatorhandling mechanism and allied parts, above and including 600 to the automatic wordactuating mechanism and parts relating 3 v t i U thereto, and above and including to the i the pulley 601.

' nally-reciprocating motion.

The lower galley 0, contains the unjustified lines of type-121, Fig. 1, the bodies of type contained therein having the regular foun-' dry-nicks and 151, Fig. 21. The words in the galley a, are separated by the plain metallic separators 152, Fig. 20, which are of the same size as the type-body, but having edges without any nicks corresponding to said foundry-nicks of the type. The loose uneven type-lines are separated from each other by the regular printers leads or brasses, herein termed separating-rules 153 to distinguish them from the separators 152.

The galley friction-blocks 154, such as are ordinarily used in type-setting machines, are inserted against the unprotected ends of the column of type 121 in the galley a and b. The column of unjustified type in the galley a is moved to the left by the traveling pusherarm 155. Said arm has its bifurcated proj ection 156 extending into the opening of the friction-block 154, locking it into operative engagement therewith and holding the two against any right or left displacement with reference to each other;

To move the column of type in the galley a one line at a time, a longitudinallymovable column-feed ratchet-rod is employed, said rod being operatively connected to the trav 'eling pusher-arm and actuated intermittently by the line-shaft 700 through the medium of suitable connecting mechanism described below.

The column-feed traveling hub 157 of the arm 155 is mounted on the ratchet-rod 158, said hub being provided with the spring-actuated column-feed pawl 159, mounted in a slot opening in the bottom thereof and which is pivoted thereto. A spring is inserted be tween the left depending end of the pawl 159 and the side of said slot to keep the right engaging end of said pawl upward, and by means of this spring-actuated pawl said hub is operatively engaged by the ratchet-teeth 160 of the rod 158 during the left longitudinal motion of said rod. The ratchet-rod 158 has its slide-bearings in the middle and right end brackets of the frame A. It is provided with the projecting engaging pin 161, operatively engaged by the reciprocating columnfeed arm 162, the latter being pivoted to the frame A by the stud 163, and through said arm said ratchet-rod is given a longitudi- Said arm is pro vided with the cam projection 713, operatively engaging the surface cam 715 of the line-shaft 700, being pressed against its left face and into the depression 716 by means of the coiled spring 714, which has its rear end fastened to the frame A and its right end to the feed-arm 162. The movement of said ratchet-rod to the left causes one of the teeth 160 to engage the feed-pawl 159 of the traveling feed-arm 155 and push the column in the same direction until the first line of type is in an engaging position within the machine. When said ratchet-rod is returned to the right, it passes under the pawl 159 through the hub 157 without disturbing the arm 155 or the friction-block 154, said return motion also releasing the pressure from behind the column of type. A repetition of the movements above described takes place for each line of type, and a succession of actuating engagements follows the friction-block 154 wherever it may be. By means of the operation of the column-feed just described the left end unadjusted line of the column in the galley a becomes located over the linelifting plate 202, with the left separating-rule 153 against the column-feed-stop block 201, forming the left wall of the column-feed channel 121.

The line of type 121 beingreleased from the tension of the column-feed device is now free to bemoved forward by the lifting-plate 202 and then transferred into .the channel 182, which is especially termed the measuring-channel, Where it is brought into engaging relation with the computing devices described further on. The line-lifting plate 202 has its slide-bearings in the central bracket of the frame A and starts with its forward edge in line with the bottom of the galley a, forming a continuation thereof, then servin as a suitable bottom for the columnfeed 0 annel 121. By being transferred forward the plate 202 forms a similar bottom for the measuring-channel 182 and again for the feed-channel 183. Said plate is operated throu h the medium of the connecting-rod 719, t e operating-arm 720, and the supplemental operating-arm 718, which has its projection or roller 721 engaged by the grooved cam 722 on the line-shaft 700. The arms 720 and 718 are pivoted at 723'to the frame A.

In order to obviate the displacement by turning of the upper character of the type line when the gage 1 20 is removed therefrom upon the completion of the operation of the computing devices and to securely hold said line in a compact form during its entire upward travel, I employ the mechanism described below to clamp the same.

The clamping-arm 233 is pivoted at 234 to the frame A and projects forward with its contact end 235 offset to the right into the channel 182 through a slot in the left channel-wall. The cam-plate 236, extending below the arm 233, is adapted to be engaged by the roller 239 on the left side of the liftingplate 202. On the right side of said arm is the resilient engaging finger 240, fast at its rear end thereto and passing through a suitable opening in the contact end 235. The hooked freeterminal of said finger enters the channel 182 through another slot in the Wall thereof and engages the hook 207. This finger is provided with the right incline 241.

Between the plate 202 and the arm 233 is the throw-ofl bar 242, pivoted at 243 to the frame and connected to said plate by the pin 244, extending through a suitable slot in said bar. The pivot 243 also passes through a slot in the bar 242, the slots therein being necessary to give the required amount of play to said bar. The arm 233 is pressed downward into engagement with the roller 239 by a spring (not shown) affixed at its rear end to said frame.

The sleeve 205 is pivoted at 246 to the blade-mounting block 237, which slides up and down on the guide-rod 27 7, as elsewhere explained. The rod 206 operates through the sleeve 205 and is provided at the top with the rearwardly-extending hook 207, which plays in the various channels. Between the base of the sleeve 205 and the stop 208, fast to the rod 206, is interposed the spring 209. The stud 210 on the front of the sleeve 205 passes through the pivot-opening 246 in the block 237 and carries the finger 211 rigid therewith and engaged by the dog 212, sleeved on the rod 206 above said sleeve. The dog 212 and the hook 207 are normally retained in the same straight line by the spring 213, fastened at its upper end to the rod 206, and at its lower end to said dog and the pin 214, extending from said rod into a slot in the dog-sleeve. Said slot and the pin 214 allow a slight turn to be given to the rod 206 against the spring 213 when the hook 207 is moved to the left by a displacement of the upper channel in that direction. The spring 247 encircles the stud 210, being attached at opposite ends to the finger 211 and the block 237, respectively, and serves to normally rock said pin with attached parts to the left; but said parts are actuated in the opposite direction against the resiliency of said spring when the hook 207 passes out of the channel 521.

In operation the arm 233 is elevated by the roller 239 as the plate 202 is thrust forward to admit the type-line beneath the end 235, the rod 206 being drawn upward against the spring 309 at the same time. i/Vhen the roller 239 gets by the rear projection on the cam 236, the spring 245 forces the end 235 down onto said line and securely clamps the latter between itself and the block 138. The

end 235 comes in contact with the line in.

front of the gage 120, so as not to interfere therewith. After said gage has been re moved the late 202 advances the type-line into a position below the channel 183, at the same time carrying it between the hook 207 F rear edge of the channel-wall.

channel.

and the blade 200, where it continues to be securely held through the medium of the rod 206 and the spring 209. As the plate 202 moves forward to transfer the type-line from the channel 182 to the channel 183 the roller 239 encounters the forward projection on the cam-plate 236, and thereby raises the arm 233 and the hook 207 to provide a clear passage for said line. WVhen the roller 239 clears the cam-plate 236, the hook 207 settles down onto the top of the line. ment of the plate 202 has driven the bar 242 against the incline 241 and forced the finger 240 out of contact with the hook 207. The line is held by said blade and hook until the upper channel is reached, when the hook 207 passes out of the top thereof, down the cam way 248 on the right side of the channel members, which have shifted their position, as will appearat the proper time, through the channel 183 to its former position in the channel 182 on top of the finger 240, the re turn of the plate 202 having released said finger. It will be understood that the move ment of the sleeve 205, which carries the rod 206, is coincident withthat of the blade 200, elsewhere detailed, since said sleeve and block are both secured to the block 137.

The rule-distributer is described as follows: On its left near the front end the lifting-plate 202 is provided with the rule-removing snaphooks 217, the spring-shanks 218 of which keep them continually pressed to the left. During the first part of the forward travel of said lifting-plate the sprin -hooks 217 are thrust inward by the contact of their incline 219 against the edge of the separating-rule 153, which lies against the stop-block 201 to the left of the type-line, said rule being retained in that position by the overhanging Said stopblock is screwed to the plate forming the left walls of the lower channels and can be adjusted right and left to compensate for different thicknesses of the separating-rules 153 which may be used. It has fastened thereon the detent-springs 215, the rear ends of which are offset to the right and lie in the path of the hooks 217, said path being in a plane be yond the right edge of said stop-block.

The operation of the line-lifting plate has been explained, and it will now be necessary to indicate the operations of the rule-distributer. The two divisions of the machine above designatednamely, the lifting-plate and the rule-distributerare in a measure coordinate, and their purpose or use is to remove the rule from the type-line acted upon and to transfer said line into the measuring- In the forward movement of the lifting-plate 202 the hooks 217 pass by the rule 153, which rests against the stop-block 201 but upon the return of said plate said hooks, which snap to the left over the front edge of said rule during the forward move-- ment of said plate, carry the same backward beyond the detents 215 and allow it to drop clear of the machine into any suitable receptacle. The detents or springs 215 bear upon the rule while it is being actuated by the hooks 217 to prevent displacement of said rule during this last part of its travel.

The computing devices, into engagement with which the type-line is transferred when pushed forward into the measuring-channel 182 after leaving the column, will next be described.

The first step in the present mechanical operation consists in clamping the type-line in said channel by means of a gage which is automatically moved from a given startingpoint into contiguity with the end of said line in the manner directly to be explained.

While the line of type 121 is held in the channel 182 it rests against the end of the lifting-plate 202 and upon the base of said channel, which consists of the abutment block 138, a plate rigidly fastened to the frame A. The type-line-measuring gage 120 is rigid with the line-measuring slide-rod 119*, which is fastened to the measuring-bar 119 by means of the connecting-block 119 Fig. 6. The rod 1 19 is suitably j ournaled to the middle bracket of the frame A. The bar 119 has a longitudinal movement in the boxes 124 and 126,fastened to the middle bracket of the frame A for a distance corresponding to the aggregate difference between the separators 152 and the spaces required to fill the typeline, and it is held with a constant down- Ward tension by means of the coiled spring 129 on the rod 119*, interposed between the upper bearing of said rod and the stop 107, fast thereto. Said line-measuring bar being supplemental to the measuring-gage 120 is necessarily provided with the projecting T-bl-ade 1 12, described farther on.

The bar 119 through the medium of the rod 119, the clamping-arm 731, the extension 730, and the projection or roller 732 is operated against the action of the clampingspring 129 by the surface cam 733 on the line-shaft 700. The arm 731 and extension 730 are pivoted at 729 to said middle bracket. The rotation of the cam 733, through the intervening mechanism, causes the gage 120 to be removed from the path of the advancing type-line on the plate 202 and occupy its highest position, whichis a little above the upper extremity of the required or total length of said line when justilied to allow for measuring a line that must be shortened in order to be justified, as will appear more clearly hereinafter. After the I line has been introduced into the channel 1 a distance equal to the difference between the present separators and their displacingspaces when said line is too short, said difference being the interval between the length of a justified line and that of the short one which is covered by said travel; but when the line is too long the distance left untraveled by said gage is equal to said difference. Itwill be understood from the foregoing that the gage 120 in its movement from the starting position to the end of a short line passes an imaginary point representing the required type-line length, and the distance traveled below that 'point constitutes the measure ment, while for a line that is too long the distance untraveled above said point constitutes the measurement. The imaginary point referred to in the previous sentence has a real existence in the contact-block 136, as will be clearly shown hereinafter. As a rule the unjustified type-lines are too short, seldom too long, and the description generally applies to the former condition or line shortages; but the machine is equally capable of acting upon lines that are too long, as the previous statements indicate.

After the type-line has been clamped with jaws adjustablewith reference to the length of said line in the holding device which agrees substantially in size with the height and width of type, all as elsewhere described, the count ing mechanism comes into operation for determining the number of spaces required and supplying the divider for the quotient sought by automatically counting the intervals between the words in said line. Each separator corresponds substantially with the bodyof a type character, but must project at some one or more points beyond said body in order to afford a place of contact for the counting mechanism, which I will now proceed to describe and explain.

The electro-contact-point 170, the electroconductors 171, and the electromagnets 172 are embraced in the counting mechanism, together with other parts about to be men tioned. The slide or support 173, which carries the contact-point 170 over the typeline, extends on the right side of the liftingplate 202 and reciprocates in suitable boxes projected from the middle bracket of the frame A. The arm 736 is loose on the rockshaft 790 and has its projection or roller 737 in engagement with the cam 738 on the lineshaft 700. Said arm through its connecting-rod 176 operates the support or slide 173. Said slide is movable'i'n its bearings a dis tance slightly in excess of the length of the longest type-line which the machine is capable of handling. It is hollowed out somewhat in the form of the letter E to make room for the fiber plate 175, which insrlates the yielding contact-plate 177,fastened on the outside thereof. Said contact-plate is also somewhat longer than the type-line.

182 the turning of the cam 733 allows the spring 139 to draw the gage down onto the top of said line, thereby clamping. it. In changing position from its upper station to I of; the end of the actual line the gage 120 t l 

